Solar cells range from low-cost to high-performance ones, from flexible to colorful varieties – their performance and form vary. They can be categorized based on the materials used inside. Broadly, they can be classified into three types: organic, compound, and silicon. Currently, 95% of the market consists of silicon-based solar cells. Rapid development over the last decade has been seen in "perovskite solar cells," which use a crystalline structure called perovskite – a technology originating from Japan.

Perovskite Structure

Perovskite solar cells are lightweight and flexible solar cells that can be processed using coating techniques. They also have the characteristic of achieving high power generation efficiency even under low-light conditions, such as indoors, making them a promising new renewable energy technology widely usable in various devices and locations.

Due to their thinner, lighter, and more flexible characteristics compared to conventional solar cells, perovskite solar cells have the potential to dramatically increase installation locations. This includes areas previously challenging for installation, such as building walls and windows, cars, airplanes and drones, IoT sensors, smartphones, etc. Furthermore, local power generation and consumption using perovskite solar cells installed both outdoors and indoors in urban and rural areas are anticipated.
For the initiatives aimed at achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, solar power generation, which emits no CO2, is a promising option. Perovskite solar cells are expected to be the next-generation solar cells leading the transformation towards renewable energy as the primary power source for carbon-neutral solutions.